Osteoarthritis of the knee: what is it, stage, symptoms, and myths about treatment

Knee osteoarthritis is a complex disease, a degenerative nature, which affect bone and knee cartilage Department. The disease most often affects the knee Department of the lower limbs. Pathological changes in the articular cartilage of the premises and, which in most cases develop on the background of injuries, biological aging, diseases of autoimmune nature, seriously prevent the musculoskeletal capacity of the foot. Joint comes he's a speech pathologist to lose stability, the normal and the engine shock absorption. He Eventually gradually deformed, and the last stage of the whole poi, so.

Degeneration of the joint tissues paid, not only to the physical impairment of the lower extremities, pain and intense them. Cause Serious pathology of the injury, and in some cases, paralysis of the leg. In the context of such a disappointing forecast of the disease is important as early as possible to identify, navigate, immediately, and its treatment.

Important information about the disease

Patients are important to study, therapeutic tactics read the following very possession of complete information on the mechanism and symptoms the origin of clinical pathology. Pointed out in vain that are of arthritis osteoarthritis and closely interrelated, because it is the result of arthritic disease. But where is the unfortunate diseases that ruthlessly destroy the main bone of the joint? What is the severity of gonarthrosis manifestations and what it is possible to identify it?

Osteoarthritis causes

Degenerative pathogenesis launch the following factors provocateurs:

• when trauma – fractures of the tibia, dislocated knee, damage to the body of the meniscus, tears and torn ligaments, falling to his knees, all kinds of injuries;
• excessive physical exertion;
• lack of exercise;
• high body mass index;
• systemic disease rheumatoid arthritis, gout, psoriatic arthritis type, systemic lupus erythematosus;
• a genetically inherited weakness in the ligament-muscular system, or congenital underdevelopment of the structural elements of joints;
• and violations of metabolism, blood circulation;
• hormonal insufficiency, diabetes, hormonal and other diseases;
• transfer or chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases.

Quite often people that have committed, in order to develop articulate tricky disease. Often, getting injured, they ignore the connection, preferring to do the first drug pain, homemade lotions and the like. A few years if, as I believe in the past, inadequate treatment, he came to the doctor already gonarthrosis, in the best case – moderate. And there is a physical prevention of one-and analgesic ointments, as a very early stage, it does not make work to use radically apply surgical tactics.

Stage destruction

In orthopedics, the disease is divided into stages, which continues to push the expert when drawing up the treatment. Scope, nature, location, nature of the origin of the destruction of the bone joints of the knee are revealed through a series of diagnostic procedures, such as x-rays, MRI, CT, ultrasound, blood son of a different and the patient's urine.

Qualitative management-the question is not void use without information about the state of the knee joint, the peculiarities and the patient, the doctor and a visit to the site and receive from him a sufficient therapeutic recommendations. Thus, in order to improve the quality of life, do not ignore a visit to a skilled expert, in vain he can tell you whether you can make educated conservative, or via the problem still is effective unnecessary surgery.

Pathology has several stages of development, classification Kellgren according to the unnecessary four of them. He characterize the severity of morphological changes (English osteophytes, volume reduction of the articular cartilage and ohennuksen, narrowing of the joint space, etc.) clinical symptoms (limitation of flexion/extension, the number supports the ability, the nature and intensity of pain, etc.).

• Osteoarthritis the first step is a disease, which is still in its infancy. The external symptoms are absent or mild, congruence, and shape of the contact is satisfactory. X-ray or MRI images to trace small marginal osteophytes at the edges of the articular surface, podsolennom Department mild subchondral osteosclerosis, a small bone cyst. The common space is edited or usually normal, but not necessary.
• When the disease of the second degree, in addition to the above indicators,the osteosclerotic lesion, which is more powerful, clearly visible narrowing of the interarticularis of the gap. The patient begins to more and more pain relief at the time of the walk, descending/climbing stairs, long-term, sometimes at night. Lameness develops, the movement of the joint purchase of an inferiority complex, especially when bending.
• The third stage is characterized by a sharp progression of irreversible degeneration and deformation. A common configuration significantly distorted, the distance between the articular surfaces is greatly decreased, bone growths in the form of spikes increase in size. The pain is prolonged and severe and interferes even in sleep mode men, that the lameness is getting worse. Hooked supporting devices and help.
• The fourth stage of osteoarthritis pathogenesis kun largest osteophyte proliferation, hyaline cartilage is completely destroyed, the joint space disappears or is barely seen, the body of the bone epiphyses forming the joint, a strong position. The knee joint is recognized as a not-fully-profitable support and human locomotor system becomes incapacitated.

Symptoms and complaints

The severity of clinical symptoms depends not only on the pathological features, but also the author's individuality. In any case, a pleasant enough gonarthrosis, is a hard and very 2., ja-3-4 tbsp. Common symptoms list includes:

• pain, mainly of the mechanical type (dull, aching, sharp, sudden, temporary, and permanent);
• crunch moves, when;
• the stiffness of the joint;
• limitation of range of motion;
• muscle weakness in the limbs;
• hyperthermia of the skin and the knee swelling in the area;
• gait changes, manifested in the gathering of mowing and foot;
• instability or syndrome "box";
• "jamming" of the knee, to be paid, when sudden blockage of the movements of bone joints.

Important! Conservative osteoarthritis knee joint treatment does not help, the disease is complex if, of course, that can happen already, in the worst case, the second phase of the development of bone and cartilage degeneration. Unlike the traditional conservative treatment and alternative methods, all without exception, surgery severe gonarthrosis 2-3-4 degree the only path to long life helps to visibly improve the quality of life.

Conservative treatment

Bezoperatsionnye methods of treatment are suitable for the initial stage of deforming arthrosis of the. The principle of nonsurgical therapy include:

• systematic implementation of occupational therapy, was developed by a professional individually;
• procedures of occupational therapy;
• use of painkillers in the form of creams, tablets, injections, etc.;
• proper nutrition and following a special diet, prescribed by a doctor;
• compliance with special regime of daily physical activity;
• a complete rejection of bad habits;
• unquestioning passage of repeated diagnostic control;
• the annual visit to a specialized sanatorium-resort health centers.

Surgery for osteoarthritis of the knee

Now take a look at surgical ways, which often is necessary, because the early stages, the pathology is often invisible. Mostly to deal with osteoarthritis is already in full "bloom", which covered a large-scale joint structures and affect the joints of the matter.

• Arthroplasty – helping more than 95% of the cases as fully as possible to restore the exercise and the knee of the basic functions of the Department of the lower extremity. Difficult operation, followed by rehabilitation difficult, but the effect is worth it. After about 3 months after installation of the artificial analogue of the native common irreversible pathological changes made, returned to full range of movement of the foot to completely remove the pain.
• Introduction – a fairly rare procedure, "short" articulation, because of its effect on the aggressive biological structures, however, sometimes it is the place to be, for example, if there is no possibility of the person to perform the planting. The essence lies in removing The articular surface of the fixed frame and connection of the bone with special locking devices in an advantageous position. Time, the place, the natural fusion of these element. Artificial ankylosis completely block the mobility of the joint, but good allows to achieve the ability of the limb to provide support and reduce pain.
• Osteotomy and knee – also in extreme situations for the same reason as arthrodesis, especially when it is necessary to delay a hip replacement for several years. At the time of the operative session, the specialist will perform the artificial fracture, podpilivaya the bones take more of them and at the right angle, so that it is advantageous to distribute the load on the cartilage elements.

Exercise irreversible pathogenesis to fix it not, man must understand it. Ointments and even medications chondroprotectors, not to mention my grandmother's advice to deal with gelatin, too, has a special role does not play. High as he can help a bad situation is to prepare the musculoskeletal system activities.

Modern knee-implants can withstand normal everyday loads, with fully functioning for at least 15 years and often 20 to 25 years. A person can replace up to the common to do some sports.

Care-3. degree

Stage 3 arthritis surgery. Changes in the joint is a very strong character, at this stage, the disease will eventually reduce the life and health of the patient. Bone and cartilage damage has reached a critical point, where the tissues of the bone connection is not functional importance can be imagined. Hyaline cover almost completely destroyed.

• Important cartilage does not recover by itself, also non-surgical methods.
• Bare flat surface and interactive bones of the head to use unnatural pressure on each other, RUB against each other constantly, damaging nearby soft tissues of the seriously and every day is distorted even more.
• The person feels terrible pain, not to mention lost the ability to walk normally. Patients experience of flour daily, and when sleep is not pleasure and pain is not a day of rest. Relatively tolerant as above, pointless to a few people.
• Anti-inflammatory analgesic drugs and, usually has a mild effect, but often does not "work". In chondroprotectors sense is nothing, as strengthening and nurturing the scarce remnants of the cartilage, does not help the situation.

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As a result of osteoarthritis of 2-3 ° sometimes try to-to care for minimally invasive operations (arthroscopy), which you can remove the marginal osteophytes, and will also remove loose bone and cartilage fragments synovial cavity. Such manipulation, as evidenced by the reviews, a number of facilitates the patient's condition slightly improved engine operation, but to no avail temporarily. Osteoarthritis of the knee joint will stay again and active in the near future occur.

Pathogenesis of 3-4 classes – this is a very serious problem, which is actually unnecessary, much more complicated reconstructive to plastic and tactics. Not So far such a procedure, which could be compared to arthroplasty. Knee replacement prosthesis, repeat the mechanical properties, composition, shapes and sizes of natural authority give the opportunity to say goodbye to the ill-fated illness and disability, where she "got".

The disease will progress and can quickly achieve moderate-middle-phase-up to 4 ° within a few months. Surgery is necessary to transfer as soon as possible, when not degenerative processes penetrate deep into the bone. Heavily damaged bones can cause problems with the production of the prosthesis.

Many not realizing that the comparable event the severity of the degeneration of the conservative and unconventional tactics, trying every means to circumvent the training, swallow a handful of pills, applying creams on the sore area. Someone is talking to an osteopath, private doctors, doctors of various alternative methods. Unfortunately, against nature not to go, of healing, when he came, and this should be a fact to be humble. Therefore, turn to the poi irrelevant to the project, to act wisely.

Physical profitability is entirely dependent on your decision! Can life and still suffer from stiffness, pain, in vain to test the "empty" therapies: drugs and unconventional instruments, which is evidence of the effectiveness of their own disease severity. Ny can perform the surgical treatment and began to live a full life, without a past of suffering, support and equipment.

Worry about surgery is needed, modern technology has leaped forward and now abroad brilliantly changing the knee joints to withstand the implant. When such planting, carried out in a good clinic, the risk of complications is low (1-2 %), and restore function movement occurs in more than 95% of cases. Hip replacement surgery followed by rehabilitation for 3-4 months of the period, including:

• physical recovery, through special medical gymnastics;
• drugs (antibiotics, anti-thrombotic agents, etc.);
• the program in occupational therapy, including myostimulating, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and wound-healing treatments;
• massage (in later stages of rehabilitation).

Good to know! 1. degree of the disease and can be prevented to stop the conservative. If nothing is done and the start of osteoarthritis of the knee, he allows to transfer 1. - 2. degree, medication more problematic is already a lot, but a certain class of patients is suitable for further non-surgical approach. The last two steps is always surgery.

Treatment 2. degree

When osteoarthritis moderate quality of life is becoming badly tarnished. Sore knee worries stronger, the painful syndrome occurs intensively for more than it was at the beginning of the disease. Particularly strong pain immediately after morning awakening, the rise of fall during the and through the stairwell. Often there is an unpleasant feeling of numbness, which appears, after a long and walk a long time in one position. Flexion of the knee area is reduced, the patient is unable to bend the legs, as required in the physiology. A man in his early to save the limb, almost that tries to step on her, which causes progressive atrophy of the muscles.

Emphasize that treatment necessarily requires a qualified holistic approach.

• If the doctor does not see an urgent need for surgery, the priority is determined to reduce the burden of the troubled Department. In the presence of excess weight, to ensure a good discharge of the affected osteoarthritis of the joint, it is necessary to adjust the body weight diet you recommend that doctor.
• All patients prescribed the use of special orthopedic devices at the time of the movement. This, depending on the existing problem can be the knee clips, elastic underwear, elastic bandage, cane, crutches, Walker.
• In addition, the orthopaedic surgeon a unique set of exercises amount strengthen and improve the endurance of the muscles of the limb.
• Also osteoarthritis in temperate secondary manifestation associated with drug use, including substances present in the cartilage tissues of the knee. These are formulation based on chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid injections, medicines with glucosamine. He can't build cartilage, but it is saturated with nutrients, making it possible to achieve remission of the disease.
• Recommended treatments occupational therapy and treatment, but they are used in vain, when all is lost signs of inflammation. Physical sessions, for example, laser -, magnetic-or ultrasound, should take place within the health centers. Thank you occupational therapy nutrition and improve metabolism, bone, muscle, cartilage. If you bought vibroacoustic roets home use, first ask the expert the possibility of its application in the diagnosis and the characteristics of the device operation.

We have taken into account the basic principles, based on the formal treatment of arthritis, which corresponds to the standard of an Orthopedist. Because many people with osteoarthritis 2nd St. very interested in alternative methods to his rescue, we offer to meet with the most popular. To figure out so much, if they are unique, as they me introduce online.

Stem cells treatment knee

We talk about the mesenchymally autologous stem cells in patients with gonarthrosis of the knee, taken from the crest of the pelvic or femoral bone. Cell therapy, according to concerned sources, thus achieving the self-renewal of almost the entire joint due to the activation of regenerative processes in self-healing of the damaged segment. This technique makes it theoretically possible to achieve the improvement of the legal units of the bone and the body of the cartilage. In practice, however, is not a "live" x-ray evidence, which confirms, that after the introduction of stem cells to the affected area of the joint is healthy.

The positive effect of stem cells in the joints and bones are not proven and doubtful, because this technique in orthopedics are still not recognized. The scientists have in vain learning service area and experimenting. In addition, there is information dangerous to the human body stem cells effects, which, in the opinion of highly qualified specialists, capable to provoke a cancer. What about those people who have paid for the procedure, it was satisfied with the result? Here to say you can't be in vain for one thing: many patients believe, money and eternal life, a placebo, but the effect lasts in vain for so long, do not forget about it.

Mud treatment

Mud sources unique elements (magnesium, chromium, iodine, bromine, calcium, nitrate, etc.), helps to reduce painful symptoms and improve the flow of blood the son of the sore areas, the stimulation of metabolic processes. The greatest value they represent people who have mild or disease patients who have undergone surgery in the leg. Maintained and treatment with mud 2, if the doctor considers a natural remedy, along with the basic medical program to reduce the aggressiveness of pathological phenomena (stop the progression) and improve general clinical text. Mud therapy is practised in special medical institutions of the health resort type. Natural healing mud on the basis of peloids in the form of applications and is used in conjunction with the method of coating (electrophoresis).

The use of gelatin

Natural gelatin is a safe way to support joint structure in good condition. A gelatinous substrate, diluted in water, it is recommended to use inside. According to some doctors, the gelatin it is faster and seems to produce more of bone, cartilage and muscle ligamentous elements. Experts emphasize that this method is not medicinal properties, it helps in vain to prevent osteoarthritis. Therefore, when considered in the pathogenesis of relationalities, in the absence of pathology in the initial stage or should be considered for the prevention of occurrence of the action or the progression of degenerative changes. Kun moderate disease and severe nature, the approach and prophylactically will not work.

Ayurveda-joints

Modern alternative medicine has known many extraordinary events, which the treatment according to ayurveda-eri parts of the musculoskeletal system. This informal flow, the affected joints associated with the surplus of toxins accumulated in the body, because of the energy discrepancy. Harmful mechanisms disturb the energy balance (Villa) is the primary deterioration of the Agni, or digestive fire, which leads to accumulation in the intestine of undigested food residue (AMA). Produce toxins, Those who the blood son transportorul contact with harmful substances is and deposited will prevent the metabolism.

According to ayurveda, osteoarthritis klassificeret several types and each come up with their own system of treatment on the basis of each of them is the diet, herbal medicine, intake of Ayurvedic pills and powders, yoga and breathing exercises, non-traditional massage, auto-training healing, etc. Of course, all this sounds good, but if the arthritis void cancel is, even though the scientific high technology, it is possible to believe that herbal powders, treatment ideas and other tactics Ayurvedic treatment of irreversible deformation?!

Saline compresses

Salt is used for preparation of saturated salt solution is used for impregnation of compresses applied to the sore spot for a few hours. This treatment should not be an independent means, and in particular cure for osteoarthritis. Salt can temporarily soothe pain, get rid of the swelling of the soft tissues covering the bone structure, without damage to biological structures. But it's not-and will not cure the disease put the foot to the patient. It training is purely symptomatic. A solution is prepared from the calculation: per 1 liter room temperature, take 100 grams of water salt.

Worth to see! Sometimes salt is used in the dry-heated form, which is placed in the bag, the heating and perform a local knee. Sometimes wet, but the hot sauces. Hot treatments are dangerous when purulent-inflammatory processes in the joint cavity, they are unnecessary in the end aggravate the clinical text. Therefore, do not use such recipes without being sure, that involved no loss of have a similar process.